Lunsford and Shaughnessy

Janet Emig and Shaughnessy has made Lunsford think about the relationship of writing and the process of analysis and synthesis to teaching basic writers. Lunsford believes that the students she has studied can perform a task for a specific situation, but they can not abstract from it or replicate it, they simply are not at a cognitive level that would allow them to extract these ideas. Lunsford then goes on to describe Vygotsky and Piaget's mental development which she finds connections to her own studies with students. Lunsford believes that writing classes should never be teacher-centered, but should be held in small groups where everyone is an active participant. She offers some exercises that would help students become better at analytical thinking.
Mina P. Shaughnessy says that writing is a course that requires much more interaction between teachers and students. the exchange between student and teacher about the way a student writes often leads to more information about what is wrong with the student, not the teacher. This suggests that the only person that needs changing is the student and not the teacher. She offers a developmental scale for teachers. Guarding the Tower then Converting the Natives, Sounding the Depths and Diving In. These stages will help the teacher be able to teach.
I do think that it is a difficult task for teachers to teach writing to anyone, but when there is a lot of interaction and a comfortable community to learn in I think that it helps the process.